Carbon Steels ASTM A576 or AISI 1040

Carbon Steels ASTM A576 or AISI 1040

Carbon Steels 1040
Specifications:		ASTM A29 (1040) ASTM A510 (1040) ASTM A513 ASTM A519 (1040) ASTM A546 (1040) ASTM A576 (1040) ASTM A682 (1040) ASTM A827 ASTM A830 MIL S-11310 (CS 1040) MIL S-16788 MIL S-46070 SAE J1397 (1040) SAE J403 (1040) SAE J412 (1040) UNS G10400
Chemistry Data
Carbon		0.37 - 0.44
Iron		Balance
Manganese		0.6 - 0.9
Phosphorus		0.04 max
Sulphur		0.05 max
General Information
Principal Design Features
1040 steel has a higher (0.40%) carbon content for greater strength than the lower carbon alloys. It is hardenable by heat treatment, quench and tempering to develop 150 to 250 ksi tensile strength.
Applications
Used for crankshafts, couplings and cold headed parts.
Machinability
Machinability is good, rated at 60% that of the 1112 alloy used as a 100% machining rated steel.
Forming
Forming of 1040 steel in the annealed condition is readily accomplished.
Welding
1040 steel is weldable by all of the welding methods. However with its higher carbon content it is important to use both pre-heat at 300 to 500 F and post-heat at 1100 to 1200 F practice per an approved welding procedure.
Heat Treatment
This steel responds well to hardening by heat treatment at 1550 to 1650 F followed by water quench and then tempering to strength level desired.
Forging
Forge at 2300 F down to 1800 F.
Hot Working
Hot work from 900 to 200 F.
Cold Working
In the annealed state the 1040 alloy is readily cold worked by conventional methods.
Annealing
Anneal at 1600 to 1800 F and slow cool in the furnace for a full anneal. A stress relief anneal may be done at 1100 F and a normalizing treatment may be done at 1650 F with slow cooling.
Aging
Not applicable.
Tempering
Tempering from the quenched condition may be done at 600 to 1300 F depending upon the strength desired.
Hardening
Cold work will harden the alloy as will heat treatment and tempering.
Physical Data
Density (lb / cu. in.)		0.284
Specific Gravity		7.86
Specific Heat (Btu/lb/Deg F - [32-212 Deg F])		0.107
Melting Point (Deg F)		2770
Poissons Ratio		0.3
Thermal Conductivity		360
Mean Coeff Thermal Expansion		6.7
Modulus of Elasticity Tension		30
Modulus of Elasticity Torsion		11
Mechanical Data
Form		Round Bar
Condition		Cold Drawn
Temper		68
Tensile Strength		85
Yield Strength		71
Elongation		17
Reduction of Area		42
Rockwell		B93
Brinnell		170
Form		Round Bar
Condition		Hot Rolled
Temper		68
Tensile Strength		90
Yield Strength		56
Elongation		24
Reduction of Area		49
Rockwell		B91
Brinnell		187